一、合理設(shè)置清洗參數(shù)?

1、 Reasonably set cleaning parameters

超聲波頻率：一般來說，頻率越高，空化作用越弱，對工具損傷越小，但清洗力也會相應(yīng)降低。對于精密、易損工具，如電子元器件，可選擇較高頻率（80kHz - 120kHz）；而對于表面較粗糙、污垢頑固的普通金屬工具，可選用較低頻率（20kHz - 40kHz）。例如，清洗集成電路板時，80kHz 以上的頻率既能有效去除微小灰塵和雜質(zhì)，又能避免因空化作用過強(qiáng)損壞芯片引腳。?

Ultrasonic frequency: Generally speaking, the higher the frequency, the weaker the cavitation effect and the less damage to the tool, but the cleaning force will also decrease accordingly. For precision and vulnerable tools such as electronic components, higher frequencies (80kHz -120kHz) can be chosen; For ordinary metal tools with rough surfaces and stubborn dirt, lower frequencies (20kHz -40kHz) can be used. For example, when cleaning integrated circuit boards, frequencies above 80kHz can effectively remove small dust and impurities while avoiding damage to chip pins due to excessive cavitation. ?

清洗時間：過長清洗時間會增加工具受空化作用影響的時長，加大損傷概率。對于輕度污染的工具，清洗時間控制在 5 - 10 分鐘；中度污染的 10 - 20 分鐘；重度污染的也不宜超過 30 分鐘。例如，日常使用的普通金屬扳手，若只是表面有輕微油污，5 分鐘左右的清洗時間即可滿足清潔需求。?

Cleaning time: Excessive cleaning time will increase the duration of tool exposure to cavitation and increase the probability of damage. For tools with mild pollution, the cleaning time should be controlled within 5-10 minutes; 10-20 minutes of moderate pollution; Heavy pollution should not exceed 30 minutes. For example, a regular metal wrench used in daily life, if only has a slight oil stain on the surface, can be cleaned in about 5 minutes to meet the cleaning needs. ?

溫度：適當(dāng)提高溫度可增強(qiáng)清洗劑活性，提高清洗效率，但過高溫度可能對工具材質(zhì)產(chǎn)生影響。對于大多數(shù)金屬工具，清洗溫度在 40℃ - 60℃較為適宜；塑料工具則需控制在其熱變形溫度以下，一般為 30℃ - 50℃。如 PVC 材質(zhì)的塑料工具，清洗溫度超過 50℃就可能發(fā)生軟化變形。?

Temperature: Increasing the temperature appropriately can enhance the activity of the cleaning agent and improve cleaning efficiency, but excessively high temperatures may have an impact on the material of the tool. For most metal tools, a cleaning temperature of 40 ℃ -60 ℃ is more suitable; Plastic tools need to be controlled below their thermal deformation temperature, usually between 30 ℃ and 50 ℃. Plastic tools made of PVC material may soften and deform when cleaned at temperatures exceeding 50 ℃. ?

二、正確放置工具?

2、 Proper placement of tools

工具在清洗籃中的擺放方式會影響清洗效果與損傷風(fēng)險。工具之間應(yīng)保持一定間距，避免相互碰撞，尤其是尖銳部位不能直接接觸其他工具表面。對于細(xì)長工具，如鉆頭，應(yīng)采用懸掛方式清洗，防止其在清洗過程中因震動與清洗籃或其他工具摩擦。同時，工具的開口、小孔等部位應(yīng)朝下或側(cè)向，便于污垢排出，減少超聲波反射造成的局部損傷。

The placement of tools in the cleaning basket can affect the cleaning effect and the risk of damage. Tools should maintain a certain distance between each other to avoid collision, especially sharp parts that cannot directly contact the surface of other tools. For slender tools such as drill bits, suspension cleaning should be used to prevent them from rubbing against the cleaning basket or other tools due to vibration during the cleaning process. At the same time, the openings, small holes, and other parts of the tool should face downwards or sideways to facilitate the discharge of dirt and reduce local damage caused by ultrasonic reflection.

三、及時的取出

3、 Timely retrieval

清洗完成后，應(yīng)盡快取出工具。長時間浸泡在清洗液中，即使超聲波停止工作，清洗液仍可能對工具產(chǎn)生腐蝕作用，特別是在清洗液呈酸性或堿性的情況下。取出工具后，立即用干凈的壓縮空氣吹干，或放入干燥箱中烘干。對于易生銹的金屬工具，可在吹干后涂抹一層薄薄的防銹油，如機(jī)械加工用的刀具，清洗烘干后涂抹防銹油，能有效防止在后續(xù)存放過程中生銹。

After cleaning, the tool should be removed as soon as possible. Long term immersion in cleaning solution, even if ultrasonic waves stop working, the cleaning solution may still corrode the tool, especially when the cleaning solution is acidic or alkaline. After removing the tool, immediately dry it with clean compressed air or put it in a drying oven for drying. For metal tools that are prone to rusting, a thin layer of anti rust oil can be applied after drying. For tools used in mechanical processing, applying anti rust oil after cleaning and drying can effectively prevent rusting during subsequent storage.

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